![]() ![]() The book has inspired many artists, dramatists and film-makers. The novel is famous for Gwynplaine's mutilated face, stuck in a permanent laugh. The novel concerns the life of a young nobleman, also known as Gwynplaine, disfigured as a child (on the orders of the king), who travels with his protector and companion, the vagabond philosopher Ursus, and Dea, the baby girl he rescues during a storm. Hugo intended parallels with the France of Louis-Philippe and the RĂ©gence. It depicts England's royalty and aristocracy of the time as cruel and power-hungry. It takes place in England beginning in 1690 and extends into the early 18th century reign of Queen Anne. ![]() The Man Who Laughs (also published under the title By Order of the King from its subtitle in French) is a novel by Victor Hugo, originally published in April 1869 under the French title L'Homme qui rit. "At the Green Box.", frontispiece to volume II of the 1869 English translation. ![]()
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